淤泥軟土的形成 Formation of silt soft soil 淤泥軟土形成于第四紀晚期，屬于海相、河谷相、湖沼相、三角洲相等粘性沉積物或河流沖積物，分布于沿海、河流中下游或湖泊附近地區，接近地表部分有厚度不等淤泥質軟土。 The silt soft soil is formed in the late Quaternary period, which belongs to the marine, valley, marsh facies, delta equal viscous sediments or river alluvium, distributed in the coastal area, the middle and lower reaches of the river or near the lake, and the thickness of the silt soft soil near the surface. 在靜水或緩慢的流水環境中沉積，經物理化學和生物化學作用形成的，未固結的軟弱細?；驑O細粒土。屬現代新近沉積物。淤泥按粒度組成可以是粉土質的或粘土質的，細砂質或極細砂質的極少。海濱淤泥的粘土礦物以伊利石和蒙脫石為主，淡水淤泥則是以伊利石和高嶺石為主。淤泥保定平面設計培訓 保定室內設計培訓 保定空調移機 保定太陽能維修 保定廚房排煙 雄安管道通風 含有較多的（2～3%）和多的（10～12%）有機質，其含量隨深度而減少。淤泥的主要特性是：天然含水率高于液限，孔隙比多大于1.0；干密度小，只有0.8～0.9克/立方厘米；壓縮性特別高，壓力自9.8×10帕增加到19.6×10帕時，壓縮系數為a1-2>0.05，壓力自9.8×10帕增加到29.4×10帕時壓縮系數a1-3>0.1；強度極低，常處于流動狀態，視為軟弱地基。淤泥按孔隙比可再細分為淤泥（孔隙比大于 1.5）和淤泥質土（孔隙比為1～1.5）。淤泥的自然結構變化十分敏感，結構及其強度受力破壞后能自動復原，這就是所謂的觸變性。淤泥不宜作天然地基，因為它會產生不均勻沉降，使建筑物產生裂縫、傾斜、影響正常使用。在淤泥上進行建筑時必須采取人工加固措施。如壓密、夯實，用垂直砂井排水，加速淤泥固結。有時可采用柱基，或在建筑物上部采用適應于不均勻沉降的剛性圈梁，沉降縫等結構措施，以保證建筑物的穩定安全。 Unconsolidated soft granular or fine-grained soil formed by hydrostatic or slow flowing water, formed by physical chemistry and biochemistry. It belongs to modern recent sediments. Silt is composed of silt or clay, and fine sand or very fine sand. Illite and montmorillonite are the main minerals in the coastal silt, while illite and kaolinite are the main silt in the fresh water. Silt contains more (2 to 3%) and more (10 to 12%) organic matter, and its content decreases with depth. The main characteristics of the silt are that the natural moisture content is higher than the liquid limit,